追加:第 2 节第 10 条补电动牙刷(2026-10-08)

在第 2 节第 10 条(认真刷牙,每天清一次牙缝)里补了一句:手动牙刷刷不干净的,可以换电动牙刷。标题、证据等级 B、收益量级「中」、成本标签都没动。电动牙刷一支几百元,仍在「钱=少」那一档。没有另开一条:换牙刷和刷牙清牙缝是同一件事,按「不写重复条目」并进来。

来源性质

部分文献最初由宝洁方面的人提供,对方同时在谈广告投放,希望书里写「圆头电动牙刷更好」。正文没有纳入广告合作,这次补的内容只按两篇 Cochrane 系统综述写,两篇的作者里都没有厂家。

逐字核对

来源 取法 核到的原文
Yaacob M, et al. (2014). Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health. Cochrane CD002281.pub3 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002281.pub3 Europe PMC 摘要 「Fifty-six trials met the inclusion criteria; 51 trials involving 4624 participants provided data for meta-analysis.」「These results correspond to an 11% reduction in plaque for the Quigley Hein index (Turesky) in the short term and 21% reduction long term.」「This corresponds to a 6% and 11% reduction in gingivitis for the Löe and Silness index respectively.」「The greatest body of evidence was for rotation oscillation brushes which demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis at both time points.」「The clinical importance of these findings remains unclear.」短期指 1 到 3 个月,长期指 3 个月以上(「Data were classed as short term (one to three months) and long term (greater than three months).」)
Deacon SA, et al. (2010). Different powered toothbrushes for plaque control and gingival health. Cochrane CD004971.pub2 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004971.pub2 Europe PMC 摘要 「The review included data from 15 trials with 1015 participants. Due to the dearth of trials assessing the same mode of action, no definitive conclusions can be stated regarding the superiority of one mode of powered toothbrush over any other.」

没收的

  • 「圆头比声波好」不写。支撑它的三篇研究都由宝洁资助:

    • PMID 37481415(Zou 2024,International Dental Journal):数据只来自宝洁自己的临床档案,没有做公开文献检索。圆头、声波、手动三组牙龈恢复健康的比例分别是 72%、54%、21%。
    • PMID 35535635(van der Sluijs 2023,International Journal of Dental Hygiene):结论原文「there is a small but significant difference … This difference is potentially clinically relevant」,38 组比较里 54% 显著偏向圆头。
    • PMID 32243576(2020,International Dental Journal):单项试验,90 人,8 周,比的是宝洁 iO 和一款声波刷,牙龈恢复健康的比例 84% 对 53%。

    独立的 Deacon 2010 因为试验太少没下结论,而且差别小,不影响「换不换电动」这个动作,所以正文只写到「圆头的试验最多」。

  • 对方提供的团体标准(ttbz.org.cn)是社会团体发布的,按引用规则归到行业协会一类,没有引用。

  • 收益量级不因这句话改动。牙菌斑和牙龈炎指数是替代终点,单看这一句是「小」。条目的「中」仍然来自牙缝清洁和缺牙的死亡率数字。